Nanotoxicology

Abstract

New nanomaterials, both biodegradable and non-biodegradable, are finding many applications in various fields including, among others, energy, food, cosmetics, medicine, textiles, construction and computing. However, because of their small size, nanostructures (Ns) can enter live organisms through unsuspected routes and interact with their biological systems. The intended or unintended entry of nanostructures can induce toxicity at several levels, which should be carefully studied. Moreover, it is important to monitor work places where staff can experience (acute or chronic) exposure to large amounts of Ns, as well as to analyse their potential ecotoxicity. This chapter provides an overview of the potential toxicity of Ns, distinguishing between biodegradable and non-biodegradable nanostructures.