Treadmill training combined with water and land-based exercise programs: effects on Parkinson's disease patients

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is a need for studies about the effects of treadmill training (TT) on Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients when combined with other exercise training modalities. OBJECTIVE: To identify the effects of a multicomponent rehabilitation program on the illness impact, quality of life and fitness level in Parkinson’s disease. METHODS: Participants were assigned to two exercise groups: water and land-based exercise (WL) or water and land-based exercise plus treadmill training (TWL). The water and land-based exercise group performed one water-based exercise and one land-based exercise session per week for 15 weeks. Participants in the water and land-based exercise plus treadmill training added two sessions of treadmill training to this schedule. The Senior Fitness Test (SFT) was used to assess the sample’s fitness level. RESULTS: Participants in the water and land-based exercise Group experienced significant benefits in the disease impact (UPDRS t = 3.083; p = 0.029) and quality of life (PDQ-39 t = 2.942; p = 0.036). The addition of treadmill training did not have any significant effect on these variables. Both programs showed similar effects on the fitness components evaluated. CONCLUSION: Adding treadmill training to a combination of water and land-based exercise programs may have limited effects on quality of life and the impact on the disease.